📊 GMAT Exam Prep

A study found a strong positive correlation between ice cream sales and drowning incidents. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this observed correlation?

A Eating ice cream directly causes people to drown.
B Drowning incidents directly cause people to buy more ice cream.
C A confounding variable, such as warm weather, influences both ice cream sales and drowning incidents.
D The correlation is purely coincidental and has no underlying cause.

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Warm weather increases both ice cream consumption and swimming activity, leading to more drowning incidents. This is a classic example of a confounding variable, not direct causation.

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