The Declaration of Independence articulates the principle that governments derive "their just powers from the consent of the governed." This idea is most directly associated with the political philosophy of which Enlightenment thinker?

The correct answer to the question "The Declaration of Independence articulates the principle that governments derive "their just powers from the consent of the governed." This idea is most directly associated with the political philosophy of which Enlightenment thinker?" is Option C: John Locke.

The other options — A) Montesquieu, B) Voltaire, D) Jean-Jacques Rousseau — are incorrect for this CLEP Exam Prep question. As explained above: John Locke's philosophy heavily influenced the Declaration, particularly his ideas on natural rights (life, liberty, property) and the social contract, where government legitimacy stems from the peop…