🏥 USMLE Exam Prep

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of a superantigen produced by *Staphylococcus aureus* or *Streptococcus pyogenes*?

A Directly cleaves host cell membrane phospholipids.
B Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by cross-linking peptidoglycans.
C Binds simultaneously to MHC class II molecules and T-cell receptor V-beta regions.
D Blocks ribosomal translocation during host protein synthesis.

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Superantigens bypass normal antigen presentation by binding directly to MHC class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells and the V-beta regions of T-cell receptors, leading to massive, non-specific T-cell activation and cytokine release.

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