John and Mary are taking a test. The probability that John passes is 0.7, and the probability that Mary passes is 0.8. Assuming their performances are independent, what is the probability that exactly one of them passes the test?

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Probability (John passes, Mary fails) = P(J) * P(not M) = 0.7 * (1 - 0.8) = 0.7 * 0.2 = 0.14. Probability (John fails, Mary passes) = P(not J) * P(M) = (1 - 0.7) * 0.8 = 0.3 * 0.8 = 0.24. Sum = 0.14 + 0.24 = 0.38.