An intention-to-treat analysis includes:

A Only patients who completed the study

B All randomized participants in their originally assigned groups regardless of adherence or withdrawal

C Only the treatment group

D Patients who benefited

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

ITT: analyzes all participants as randomized, maintaining randomization benefit and controlling for confounders. Preserves external validity. Per-protocol analysis (only completers) may overestimate treatment effect.

💡 Why is B) the correct answer?

The correct answer to the question "An intention-to-treat analysis includes:" is Option B: All randomized participants in their originally assigned groups regardless of adherence or withdrawal.

The other options — A) Only patients who completed the study, C) Only the treatment group, D) Patients who benefited — are incorrect for this USMLE Exam Prep question. As explained above: ITT: analyzes all participants as randomized, maintaining randomization benefit and controlling for confounders. Preserves external validity. Per-protocol analysis (only completers) may overestimate …

📚 About This USMLE Exam Prep Practice Question

This 3-level USMLE Exam Prep question from the Step 3 - Clinical Practice topic is part of BrainForge Quiz's free exam preparation library. Each question includes the correct answer and a detailed explanation to help you understand the underlying concept, not just memorize the answer.

How to use this page: Read the question above, consider all four options (A through D), then check the highlighted correct answer and explanation. For active timed practice, start a free USMLE Exam Prep practice test or use flashcards for spaced repetition review.

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An intention-to-treat analysis includes:

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

📚 About This USMLE Exam Prep Practice Question

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