🏥 USMLE Exam Prep

An 82-year-old patient admitted for pneumonia becomes acutely confused and agitated, pulling at their IV lines. The nurse reports this is a sudden change from their baseline. What is the most appropriate initial management step?

A Administer a low-dose antipsychotic like haloperidol.
B Order a padded bed rail and physical restraints.
C Conduct a thorough investigation for underlying reversible causes.
D Administer a benzodiazepine to calm the patient.

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Acute confusion in the elderly (delirium) requires identifying and treating the underlying cause, which can include infection, metabolic derangements, medications, or dehydration. Pharmacological restraints should be a last resort.

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