🏥 USMLE Exam Prep

A 58-year-old man with a history of NSAID use for chronic back pain presents to the emergency department with sudden onset hematemesis and melena. His blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg, heart rate 110 bpm, and he appears pale and diaphoretic. Initial labs show hemoglobin of 7.2 g/dL. After establishing two large-bore intravenous lines and initiating fluid resuscitation, what is the most appropriate next diagnostic and therapeutic step?

A Obtain an abdominal CT scan
B Schedule a colonoscopy
C Administer proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and arrange for urgent upper endoscopy
D Order a nuclear medicine tagged red blood cell scan

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Hemodynamically unstable patients with suspected upper GI bleeding require urgent management. After fluid resuscitation, a proton pump inhibitor infusion should be started, and an urgent upper endoscopy is the definitive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure to identify and treat the bleeding source.

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